Abstract:

Migration is the human mobility in which individuals and communities have been carried out for centuries. This movement has almost occurred since the beginning of civilization history and many people are still politically, economically, cultural, social, etc. For reasons they prefer to migrate or are forced to migrate. The reason, whatever it happens, is the common point in migration, without a doubt, the desire to have better conditions where the individual or society goes. Muhacir is a concept that is often expressed along with immigration and is expressed as a person with the most general definition of immigration. After the wars in the Ottoman State in the 18th and after centuries, many people were forced to migrate, and for these people the expression was widely used. After the 1877-1878 Ottoman-Russian War, which was one of these wars, after Batum was left to Russia as a war compensation, he decided to migrate as a result of the pressure of the allies living in the region. The geographical characteristics it possesses have often been among the places preferred by Tokat expatriates because it is advantageous in terms of climate, agricultural potential and commercial activities. However, the place where the Batum expatriates were placed most intense was the Niksar accident. Today, there are 13 villages in Niksar, which are made up of expatriates from Batum and the airport. These villages are: Sorhun, Akıncı, Örenler, Oluklu (Pöhrenkli), Tepeyatak, Mercimekdüzü, Ustahasan, Osmaniye (Düzkırık), Köklüce (Fatlı), Dalkaya (Gidiver), Musapınari, Mahmudiye and Muhtardüzü. The other 12 villages, except the Mahmudiye village, are usually Gruzien originals. This study is aimed at the investigation of the Batum expatriates in the Niksar accident Sorhun village, which is located among the villages concerned. According to this, the records of the Niksar accident in the village of Sorhun were investigated. Three people in the village have also been interviewed and a verbal history work was also done. In the village of Sorhun, the Romans lived before the Mukharians arrived. In the village of Sorhun, the muhaciers were placed on empty lands and on empty places from the rum mountains separated from the village. With the remaining Roms, the Roms, according to the exchange decision taken in the Lozan Treaty, after four decades of living together, migrated the other Roms as well. If you look at the immigrations made to the village of Sorhun, it is seen that the majority of the Georgian migrants from Batum and Artvin. The problems of migrants and migrants are at the beginning of the problem. There were troubles between the Greek and the indigenous peoples due to the problem of land. The field research on the socio-cultural and economic lives of the Georgian expatriates living in the village of Sorhun has shown that the Georgian culture cannot be lived at the desired level in the village. Some people over the age of fifty have spoken. However, the number of young people who can speak Greek is quite small. In the same way, grey foods are made less than before. It has been determined that the village has been migrating to Izmit and Istanbul especially in the last 30 years. There are also peasants who migrated to Germany. For the past twenty years, marriages have only been made between the Georgians, but today this understanding has been abandoned. The peasants do not see themselves different from the Turks, but the Turks do not have a discriminatory attitude against themselves. According to the findings obtained in the study, the contact with horse lands and relatives of some of the expatriates in the village of Sorhun is still ongoing, but the traces and practices of the Georgian culture throughout the village are estimated to be increasingly missing.

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