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Büyük bir dünya devleti olan Osmanlı İmparatorluğu, yayıldığı geniş coğrafya üzerinde oldukça farklı mimari yapılar grubu (külliyeler, camiler, medreseler, mektepler, şifahaneler, hanlar, hamamlar, köprüler, kaleler, tabyalar, tekke ve zaviyeler, bedestenler, çarşılar çeşme ve sebiller, su kemeri gibi) inşa etmiştir. Devlet eliyle veya yöneticiler ile varlıklı şahıslarında katkıda bulunduğu bu mimari örnekler imparatorluğun her köşesinde yer almaktadırlar. Osmanlı İmparatorluğunun yayıldığı bu geniş topraklarda (Balkanlar, Arap Yarımadası, Kafkaslar, Anadolu ve Kuzey Afrika gibi) İslam kültürü ve medeniyetinin yayılmasında önemli bir rol üstlenen Tasavvuf Hareketi’nin önemli ölçüde katkıları olmuştur. Tasavvuf Hareketi’nin yayıldığı tüm bölgelerde irili ufaklı birçok tarikat yapısı inşa edilmiş, kimileri bir kasaba kadar geniş alan üzerinde (Bulgaristan- Burgaz ve Gelibolu Mevlevihanesi gibi) kimileri de ufak bir çilehane formunda (Gelibolu Bican Kardeşlerin Çilehanesi gibi) düzenlenmişlerdir. Tasavvuf Hareketi’nin icracıları ve üyelerinin barınması, konaklaması, eğitimleri, ibadet ve ritüellerinin yerine getirilmesi ve diğer ilim irfan işlevlerinin gerçekleştirilebilmesi için tekke ve zaviye yapıları genel mimari örnekler içerisinde önemli bir yer tutmaktadırlar. Tekke ve zaviyelerin kuruluş aşamaları ile kurucu ve yöneticileri, hangi birimleri bünyesinde barındırdığı, binalarının inşaat ve malzeme ile plan özellikleri gibi birçok konuda önemli bilgiler veren, Türk-İslam Tarihi’nin başlıca yazılı kaynaklarından olan Evliya Çelebi’nin Seyahatnamesi, bu özellikleriyle de Sanat Tarihi alanına katkıda bulunmaktadır. Yapıların bulundukları yerleri, fiziki durumları, plan ve mimari özellikleri ile tarikat liderleri hakkında etraflıca bilgi yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada: Seyahatnamenin orijinal Osmanlıca metinlerinden ve Zuhuri Danışmanın seyahatname çevirisinden faydalanılmıştır. Evliya Çelebi’nin Anadolu topraklarında görüp incelediği, haklarında kurucu ve yöneticileriyle birlikte bilgi verdiği tekke ve zaviyeler ele alınmıştır.
The Ottoman Empire, which is a great world state, has built a group of quite different architectural structures on the wide geography in which it is spread (such as cities, mosques, medreses, mektupes, healings, houses, hammas, bridges, castles, tabyas, tekke and zaviyes, bedestens, squares, fountains and seps, water belt). These architectural examples, which are contributed by the hands of the state or by the rulers and the wealthy persons, are found in every corner of the empire. In these vast territories where the Ottoman Empire spread (such as the Balkans, the Arab Peninsula, the Caucasus, the Anatolian and North Africa) the Tasavuf Movement, which took a significant role in the spread of Islamic culture and civilization, has made a significant contribution. In all the areas where the Tasavvuf Movement was spread, many small taricate structures were built, some on a large area of a town (such as Bulgaria-Burgaz and Gelibolu Mevlevihanesi) and some were arranged in the form of a small chilehane (such as the Chilehane of the Bican Brothers of Gelibolu). The executives and members of the Tasavvuf Movement hold an important place in the general architectural examples for the accommodation, accommodation, training, worship and ritual and the realization of other scientific and religious functions. The establishment stages and the founders and managers of the Tekke and the Zaviyes, which units are hosted in them, giving important information on many topics such as the construction and material and the design characteristics of their buildings, the main written sources of Turkish-Islamic history, Evliya Çelebi's Travel, with these characteristics, also contributes to the field of Art History. It contains detailed information about the locations, physical conditions, plans and architectural characteristics of the structures and the leadership of the structures. In this study: It was used from the original Ottomanic texts of travel and the travel translation of the Zuhuri Consultant. Evliya Çelebi saw and studied in the Anatolian territory, in his rights he gave information with his founders and managers.
The Ottoman Empire, which was a large world state, had a diverse group of architectural structures on its wide geography (complexes, mosques, madrasahs, schools, hospitals, inns, Turkish baths, bridges, castles, bastions, lodges and zawiyas, bazaars, markets, fountains, dispensers and aquabelts). These architectural examples, built by the state, state administrators and wealthy people, were located in every corner of the empire. Sufism, which played an important role in the spreading of Islamic culture and civilizations, had a big part in these wast lands (Balkans, Arabian Peninsula, Caucasus, Anatolia and Northern Africa etc.) where Ottoman Empire settled. Many large and small cult structures were built in all regions where the Sufism had spread, while some of them were organized on a large area as big as a town (such as Bulgaria-Burgas and Gallipoli Mevlevi Lodge), some were organized in the form of a small çilehane (house of suffering) (such as the Çilehane of Bican Borthers in Gallipoli). The lodge and zawiya structures, which provided the performers and members of Sufism shelter, accomodation, a place to receive education, carry out praying and rituals, and other enlightenment acts, have an important place in the examples of common architecture. The Book of Travels of Evliya Çelebi, which is one of the main written sources of Turkish-Islamic History, contributes greatly to the field of Art History by including important details in many subjects such as the foundation phase and founders of lodges and zawiyas, which units they contain, construction and materials of the buildings and plan features. The book includes in-depth information about the locations of the buildings, their physical conditions, plan and architectural features, and their cult leaders. . Original texts in Ottoman language from the Book of Travels and Zuhuri Danışman’s translation of the Book of Travels were made use of in this study. The lodges and zawiyas that Evliya Çelebi observed in the lands of Anatolia and detailed together with their founders and managers were discussed
Alan : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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