Anayasa ve uluslararası düzenlemelerde güvence altına alınan temel hak ve özgürlükler devredilemez ve vazgeçilemez niteliktedir. İnsan haklarına saygılı bir hukuk devletinde temel hakların gözetilmesi zorunludur. Hukuk alanlarının tümünü ilgilendiren temel haklar, icra hukuku bakımından özel bir öneme sahiptir. Zira devletin cebri icra faaliyeti kişilerin hakimiyet alanına müdahale edilmesi sonucunu doğurmaktadır. Bu durum ise doğal olarak temel haklara değinilmesi anlamına gelmektedir. Bu noktada kamu gücü tarafından temel hak ve özgürlükleri ihlal edilen kişinin başvurabileceği bir imkân olan “AYM’ye bireysel başvuru” kurumu karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Anayasa’nın 148. maddesinin 3. fıkrasında düzenlenen söz konusu kurum kapsamında herkes, Anayasa’da güvene altına alınmış temel hak ve özgürlüklerinden AİHS kapsamındaki herhangi birinin kamu gücü tarafından ihlal edildiği iddiasıyla AYM’ye başvurabilecektir. Çalışmada AYM’nin bireysel başvuru yoluyla bugüne kadar önüne gelmiş olaylar neticesinde verdiği kararlar icra ve iflas hukukunu ilgilendirdiği kadarıyla incelenecektir. Dolayısıyla bahsi geçen temel haklar icra ve iflas hukuku bakımından bireysel başvurulara konu teşkil etmiş olanlarla sınırlı kalacaktır.
The fundamental rights and freedoms guaranteed by constitutional and international provisions are inviolable and inalienable. Protection of fundamental rights is essential in a state governed by the rule of law and respecting human rights. The fundamental rights that concern all branches of law have a special significance in terms of enforcement law. Because compulsive enforcement of the state results in intervention of private spheres of persons. This situation naturally refers to the fundamental rights. At this point, the institution of "the individual application to the Constitutional Court" which is an opportunity for a person whose fundamental rights and freedoms have been violated by the public power, appears. Within the framework of that institution provided by paragraph 3 of Article 148 of the Constitution, anyone may apply to the Constitutional Court on the grounds that one of the fundamental rights and freedoms within the scope of the European Convention on Human Rights which are guaranteed by the Constitution has been violated by public authorities. In this study, decisions of the Constitutional Court concerning the events that have come through individual applications so far, will be examined as far as it concerns the enforcement and bankruptcy law. Thus, these fundamental rights will be limited to those which have been subject to individual applications in terms of enforcement and bankruptcy law.
The fundamental rights and freedoms guaranteed by constitutional and international provisions are inviolable and inalienable. Protection of fundamental rights is essential in a state governed by the rule of law and respecting human rights. The fundamental rights that concern all branches of law have a special significance in terms of enforcement law. Because compulsive enforcement of the state results in intervention of private spheres of persons. This situation naturally refers to the fundamental rights. At this point, the institution of “the individual application to the Constitutional Court” which is an opportunity for a person whose fundamental rights and freedoms have been violated by the public power, appears. Within the framework of that institution which provided by paragraph 3 of Article 148 of the Constitution, everyone may apply to the Constitutional Court on the grounds that one of the fundamental rights and freedoms within the scope of the European Convention on Human Rights which are guaranteed by the Constitution has been violated by public authorities. In this study, decisions of the Constitutional Court concerning the events which have come through individual applications so far, will be examined as far as it concerns the enforcement and bankruptcy law. Therefore, these fundamental rights will be limited to those which have been subject to individual applications in terms of enforcement and bankruptcy law.
Alan : Hukuk
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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