Özet:

The usage of biologically active additives in animal diets provides maximum use of nutrients, it has a positive effect on digestion. Therefore, it contributes to the rational and economical use of feed, it increases its productivity, and livestock farming becomes economically feasible. It has been proved that using dry extract of Echinacea pallida for the feeding quails of meat breed Pharaoh helps to increase protein accumulation and reduce fat loss in the chest muscles. The aim of the study was to research the physical and chemical parameters of the quails meat of the Pharaoh breed. To accomplish this goal an experiment was carried out on quails of the Pharaoh meat breed in accordance with generally accepted methods. Forming poultry groups, we took into account the live weight, age, sex, breed, productivity, conditions of maintenance and feeding. According to the research results, it was found that feeding quails by the extract of Echinacea pallida increases the percentage of dry matter in white meat of quails by 0.51% (P<0.001), the protein content is increased by 3.46% (P<0.001), the amount of fat is increased by 1.27% (P<0.001) compared with the control group. The use of phytobiotics for poultry feeding increases the level of dry matter in the femoral muscles by 0.25% (P<0.01), fat by 4.05%, and extractives without nitrogen by 1.72% (P<0.001) compared with benchmark. The additional consumption of the phytobiotic additive increases the content of phosphorus by 10.7% (P<0.001), calcium by 0.51 g per kg (P<0.001), manganese by 44.8% (P<0.01) and copper by 7.3 mg per kg (P<0.001) in the quails pectoral muscles compared with the first control group. The content of calcium increased by 22.4% (P<0.001), iron by 55.7% (P<0.001), zinc by 50.1% (P<0.001), manganese by 68.9% (P<0.001) and copper by 3.27 mg per kg (P<0.001) under the action of Echinacea pallida extract in the femur of the bird, relative to the control sample. Keywords: Quails; feeding; mixed fodder; phytobiotics; meat quality; Echinacea pallida References: Kang, H. K., Salim, H. M., Akter, N., Kim, D. W., Kim, J. H., Bang, H. T., Kim, M. J., Na, J. C., Hwangbo, J., Choi, H. C. & Suh, O. S. (2013). Effect of various forms of dietary Chlorella supplementation on growth performance, immune characteristics, and intestinal microflora population of broiler chickens. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 22(1), 100-108. Gurbuz, E., Balevi, T., Kurtoglu, V., Coskun, B., Oznurlu, Y., Kan, Y., & Kartal, M. (2010). Effects of Echinacea extract on the performance, antibody titres, and intestinal histology of layer chicks. British poultry science, 51(6), 805-810. Hashemi, S. 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M., & Mlambo, V. (2018). Growth performance, haematology, serum biochemistry and meat quality characteristics of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) fed canola meal-based diets. Animal Nutrition, 4(1), 37-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2017.08.011. Plokhinsky, N. A. (1969). Guide on biometrics for livestock breeders. M.: Kolos. Podobed, L. I. (2007). Phytobiotics: place and role in the system of effective feeding of animals and birds. Effective Feed and Nutrition, 3, 15-17. (in Russian). Podolian, J. N. (2017). Effect of probiotics on the chemical, mineral, and amino acid composition of broiler chicken meat. Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 7(1), 61-65. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/20178. (in Ukrainian). Podolian, Yu. M. (2016). Influence of probiotic on productivity of broiler chickens. Biological Journal of the Melitopol State Pedagogical University named after Bogdan Khmelnytsky, 6(3). 141-148. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/201680. (in Ukrainian). Ragab, S., & Ayat, A. (2011). The effects of Nigella sativa and Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench extract on performance, some blood biochemical and hematological parameters in broiler chickens. African Journal of Biotechology, 10, 48–54. Rahimi, S., Teymouri, Z. Z., Karimi, T. M., Omidbaigi, R., & Rokni, H. (2011). Effect of the three herbal extracts on growth performance, immune system, blood factors and intestinal selected bacterial population in broiler chickens. J Agr Sci Tech, 13, 527-539. Razanova, O. P. (2018). Increasing meat quality quails fed by biological active additives based on submerged bees. Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 8(1), 631-636. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2018_259. (in Ukrainian) Sahin, T., Kaya, Ö., & Sari, M. (2012). Effects of ground Echinacea (Echinacea purpurea) supplementation quail diets on growth performance and carcass traits. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(1), 15-19. Samorodov, V. N., Pospelov, S. V. (2013). Results of the study and selection of representatives of the genus Echinacea Moench at the Poltava State Agrarian Academy. Materials of the International Scientific Conference Innovative approaches to the study of Echinacea. Poltava (in Ukrainian). Santhi, D., & Kalaikannan, A. (2017). Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) meat: characteristics and value addition. World's Poultry Science Journal, 73(2), 337-344. https://doi.org/10.1017/S004393391700006X. Shevchenko, L. V., Yaremchuk, O. S., & Gusak, S. V., Mihalska, V. M., Poliakovskiy, V. M. (2017). Effect of chelating form of microelements and β-carotene on morphological and chemical composition of quail eggs. Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 7(2), 5-8. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2017_13. (in Ukrainian). Shevchenko, L. V., Yaremchuk, O. S., & Gusak, S. V., Mihalska, V. M., Poliakovskiy, V. M. (2017). Effect of glycine microelements and β-carotene on content of microelements and vitamin A in quail eggs. Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 7(2), 19-23. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2017_16. (in Ukrainian). Lee, T. T., Chen, C. L., Shieh, Z. H., Lin, J. C., & Yu, B. (2009). Study on antioxidant activity of Echinacea purpurea L. extracts and its impact on cell viability. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8(19). Windisch, W., & Kroismayr, A. (2006). The effects of phytobiotics on performance and gut function in monogastrics.  Int J Poult Sci, 4, 809–814. Windisch, W., & Rohrer, E. (2009). Phytogenic feed additives to young piglets and poultry: mechanisms and application. Phytogenics in Animal Nutrition, 71, 472-479.  

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