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Genç ve gençlik kavramları, tarih boyunca her zaman var olmuştur. Ancak sosyal bir kategori olarak ortaya çıkması modern zamanlara denk gelmektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmanın konusu, gençlik ve gençlik politikalarının temel alınıp bu doğrultuda korunmaya muhtaç gençlere yönelik uygulamaların ve hizmetlerin neler olduğunun değerlendirilmesidir. Çalışmanın yöntemi, betimleyici ve tarihidir. Betimleyici çalışma ile ele alınan kurumların ilişki ağlarının ve işleyiş süreçlerinin betimlenmesi hedeflenmiş, tarihi araştırma ile de ele alınan süreçte “geçmişte ne oldu?” sorusuna cevap aranmıştır. Bu kapsamda Türkiye’de 1923 yılından 2018 yılına kadar gençlik alanında, farklı kurumlar çalışmış olmasına rağmen sosyal hizmet perspektifiyle çalışan temelde üç kurum bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan ilki önceki adıyla Himaye-i Etfal Cemiyeti olan Türkiye Çocuk Esirgeme Kurumudur. İkincisi, Sosyal Hizmetler ve Çocuk Esirgeme Kurumu ve üçüncüsü; Aile ve Sosyal Politikalar Bakanlığıdır. Türkiye Çocuk Esirgeme Kurumu’nun kuruluşu; savaş yıllarına ve Cumhuriyet’in ilk kurulduğu yıllara denk gelmesi itibari ile gençliğe yönelik pek fazla hizmetinin olmadığı görülmektedir. Daha sonra SHÇEK ve ASPB döneminde korunmaya muhtaç gençlere yönelik sunulan hizmetlerin daha sistemli ve daha fazla olduğu görülmektedir. Bu durumun en büyük nedenini; ÇEK’in bir sivil örgüt kurumu olmasının aksine, SHÇEK ve ASPB’nin ise devlet kurumları olmasıdır
The concepts of youth and youth have always existed throughout history. But its appearance as a social category is equal to modern times. The subject of this study is to evaluate what practices and services to young people in need of protection are based on youth and youth policies. The method of study is illustrative and historical. Imaginative study is aimed at illustrating the relations networks and operational processes of institutions addressed by the historical research in the process "what happened in the past?" Reply to the question was asked. In this context, in Turkey from 1923 to 2018, in the youth field, although different institutions have worked, there are basically three institutions working with the perspective of social services. The first of these is the Turkish Children's Assurance Institute, which is the former Himaye-i Etfal Society. The second is the Social Services and Child Care Institution and the third is the Ministry of Family and Social Policy. The establishment of the Turkish Children’s Assembly; the years of war and the years in which the Republic was first established, it appears that there is not a lot of service to the youth. The services offered to young people who need to be protected during the SHÇEK and ASPB period are more systematic and more visible. The main reason for this situation is that, unlike the Czech Republic is a civil organization, the Czech Republic and ASPB are state institutions.
The emergence of youth in different forms throughout history as a social category occur at the same time as modern times. The aim of this study is to evaluate the practices and services for young people in need of protection of social work institutions on the basis of youth policies. The method of study is descriptive and historical. It is aimed to describe the relation system and working process of the institutions which discussed with descriptive study, the answer to the question ‘’What happened in the past?’’ is sought in the process which discussed with historical study. In this context, there are basically three institutions working with social work perspective in the field of youth from 1923 to 2018, although different institutions have worked in this field. First of them is the Child Protection Agency of Turkey TÇEK which was named as Himaye-i Etfal Cemiyeti Children’s Protection Society of Turkey before. The second is the Social Services and Child Protection Acency SHÇEK and the third is the Ministry of Family and Social Policy ASPB . It is observed that the establishment of the Child Protection Agency has not much service for youth since it coincided with the war years and the first years of the republic. It is seen that the services established after a while for young people in need of protection during the period of SHÇEK and ASPB are more systematic and more effective. The main reason for this situation is that, unlike the fact that the Child Protection Acency is a nongovernmental organization, SHÇEK and ASPB are state institutions
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Hukuk; Sağlık Bilimleri; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Ulusal
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