Özet:

Generally, migration is defined as “all displacement which takes place in a meaningful period of time and distance”. The groups of people from different cultures interacted each other by these material and moral elements of culture which are carried during these displacement. As a result of this mutual interaction which changes the communties the acculturation came out. Human beings have migrated from one place to other throughout their history. Sometimes, it was a voluntary migration to find new and fertile lands and sometimes obligatory, especially under the name of an exile after a war or conflict, to find more secure lands. The deficiency in labor, which comes out with the industrialization in the West, was satisfied first with slaves then indentured labors and lastly, after World War II, with planned migration. But during the 1980’s western countries restricted or even made migration impossible, claiming that they do not need migrants anymore. Nevertheless, since there are some jobs, which Western people do not want to do and population structure of Western countries are changing these countries still need laborers. This need of Western countries, increasing since the 1980’s, has been satisfied largely with illegal immigrants. During this hard and risky migration period migrants are sometimes exposed to bad behavior and abuse of the traffickers/smugglers or they are losing their lives because of the heavy weather and/or geographical conditions. In addition to this, the wars and internal disputes and disorders in various parts of world creats the migrant group who had to leave their country called refugee. Whatever the reason is, the migration makes some effects on the country of origin, transit and the target country.

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