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15
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62
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23
Öz: Hz. Muhammed’in biyografisi için kullanılan siyer, İslam tarih yazıcılığının temelini oluşturur. Bu sebeple İslam geleneğinde biyografi, Batı literatüründeki tarihle ilişkisine nispetle, daha ziyade tarih yazımının bir parçası olarak görülmüştür. Bu çalışma, tarih yazımı çerçevesinde biyografi türünün Batı geleneği içindeki gelişimini ve ona eşlik eden metodolojik problemleri ele almaktadır. Bununla beraber bu problemlerin, tarihçilerin yüzyüze geldiği benzer problemlerin esasında bir uzantısı olduğu ortaya konmaktadır. Batı’da biyografinin gelişimi ve bu dal etrafındaki tartışmalar, İslam tarih yazıcılığındaki durumla karşılaştırılmıştır. Ardından biyografiyle ilgili problemlerin siyer yazımı açısından anlamı değerlendirilmiş ve siyerin odağındaki kişinin (Hz. Peygamber) tabiatı gereği, siyer yazarlarının objektif olamayacağı ileri sürülmekte, ancak tarihçilerin ellerindeki belli yöntemlerin yine de kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Siyer, Biyografi, Hagiografi, Tarih Yazıcılığı. The Life of the Prophet in Historiography Based on Biographies Abstract: Sirat, Prophet Muhammed's biography, is the starting point on which Islamic historiography is based upon. This has caused the biographic genre to be seen more a part of historiography in the Islamic tradition, especially when compared to the genre's relation with history in the Western literature. This article explores the development of the biographic genre in the Western tradition within the framework of historiography and highlights the methodological problems attributed to it. These problems, however, are shown to be an extension of similar problems facing historians. The development of and the discussions around biography in the West are also compared to the case in the Islamic historiography. The problems attributed to biography are then extended to their implications for Sirat writing and it is proposed that due to the nature of the person around which this biography tradition has developed, it would be impossible to approach the subject objectively, although certain methods available to historians could still be used. Keywords: Sirat, Biograpy, Hagiograpy, Historiography.
The HZ. The sier used for the biography of Muhammad is the foundation of Islamic history printing. Therefore, in the Islamic tradition, biography has been seen as a part of history writing, in relation to the relationship with history in Western literature. This study deals with the development of the biography type within the Western tradition and the methodological problems that accompany it in the context of history writing. However, it is revealed that these problems are an extension of similar problems that the historians face. The development of the biography in the West and the discussions around this branch are compared to the situation in Islamic history printing. Then the biography related problems were assessed in terms of the siyer writing and the person in the center of the siyer (Hz. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) is the fact that the writers cannot be objective, but the conclusion is that certain methods in the hands of the historians can still be used. Keywords: Biography, Hagiography, History Printing. The Life of the Prophet in Historiography Based on Biographies Abstract: Sirat, Prophet Muhammad's biography, is the starting point on which Islamic historiography is based on. This has caused the biographic genre to be seen more a part of historiography in the Islamic tradition, especially when compared to the genre's relationship with history in the Western literature. This article explores the development of the biographic genre in the Western tradition within the framework of historiography and highlights the methodological problems attributed to it. These problems, however, are shown to be an extension of similar problems facing historians. The development of and the discussions around biography in the West are also compared to the case in the Islamic historiography. The problems attributed to biography are then extended to their implications for Sirat writing and it is proposed that due to the nature of the person around which this biography tradition has developed, it would be impossible to approach the subject objectively, although certain methods available to historians could still be used. Keywords: Hagiograpy, Biograpy, Hagiograpy, Historiography.
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