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Yerleşmeler genel olarak nüfuslarına, kuruluş yerlerine, dokularına ve hâkim ekonomik fonksiyonlarına göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Muş ilinde yerleşme tiplerinin coğrafi dağılışının belirlenmesinin amaçlandığı bu çalışmada, aynı zamanda yerleşmelerin kuruluş yeri seçimi, konumu, yükselti basamakları ve yürütülen ekonomik faaliyetlere göre dağılışı üzerinde etkin olan coğrafi unsurlar da belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada, yerleşme tiplerinin Muş ilindeki dağılışına farklı bir açıdan bakılarak yükselti faktörü ön planda tutulmuştur. Her bir yükselti basamağında yer alan yerleşme sayısı ve yerleşme tipi, yükselti basamağının doğal koşulları göz önünde bulundurularak analiz edilmiştir. Fiziki koşulların insan yaşamına ve faaliyetlerine sağladığı olanakların arttığı kesimlerde hem yerleşme sayısında hem de nüfusta belirgin artışlar gözlenmiştir. Muş ilinde farklı jeomorfolojik birimlerin bulunduğu alanlarda kurulmuş olan yerleşmelerin, yükseltiye bağlı olarak sayı ve tiplerinin yanında şekil ve dokuları da değişmektedir. Farklı morfolojik ünitelerde kurulan yerleşmelerde ekonomik fonksiyonun türü ve nüfusun dağılışı da değişmektedir. 1/25.000 ölçekli 87 adet topografya haritası taranarak yerleşme tipleri işaretlenmiş, sayısal ortamda 250 m aralıklarla beş yükselti basamağı belirlenmiş, dağ, ova, plato gibi ana yer şekilleri ayırt edilmiş ve yerleşme tipleri ile olan ilişkileri belirlenmiştir. Muş ilinde 2 şehir (Muş ve Bulanık), 21 kasaba (Hasköy, Korkut, Malazgirt ve Varto ilçe merkezleri ile 17 belde) 367 köy, 279 mezra, 96 yayla, 23 kom ve 5 ağıl yerleşmesi beş farklı yükselti basamağında bulunmaktadır. Muş’ta yerleşmelerin ve kırsal nüfusun en yoğunluk gösterdiği yükselti basamağı 1551-1800 m’ler arasındaki basamaktır.
The settlements are generally classified according to their population, establishment places, tissues, and the dominant economic functions. In this study, which aims to determine the geographical distribution of settlements in the province of Muş, the geographical elements that are effective on the choice of the establishment place, location, elevation stages and distribution of settlements according to the economic activities carried out have also been determined. In the study, the factor increased from a different point of view to the distribution of the settlements in the province of Muş was held in the forefront. The number of settlements and the type of settlements in each elevation staircase were analyzed taking into account the natural conditions of the elevation staircase. In the areas where the physical conditions provide the possibilities for human life and activities, significant increases have been observed in both the number of settlements and in the population. The form and tissue of the settlements that are established in the areas where different geomorphological units are located in the province of Muş, depending on the number and types of settlements, along with the form and tissue of the settlements. In settlements established in different morphological units, the type of economic function and the distribution of the population also vary. By scanning the 87 topographic maps of 1/25.000 scale, the settlement types are marked, the five elevated stairs are determined with 250 m range in the numerical environment, the main land forms such as mountains, ovals, plates are distinguished and the relationships with the settlement types are determined. In the province of Muş, 2 cities (Muş and Bulanık), 21 cities (Hasköy, Korkut, Malazgirt and Varto district centers with 17 municipalities) are located in 367 villages, 279 tombs, 96 fountains, 23 comes and 5 smart settlements in five different elevation stages. The elevation staircase in which the settlements and rural population are most intense is the staircase between 1551-1800 m.
The settlements were generally classified according to their population, location, texture and dominant economic functions. In this study, which aimed to identify the geographical distribution of settlement types in the province of Muş, the geographic elements which were effective on the distribution of settlement location preferences, position, elevation steps of settlements and economic activities carried out were also identified. In the study, the elevation factor was prioritized by looking at the distribution of settlement types in the province Muş from a different perspective. The number of settlements and the settlement type in each elevation step were analyzed taking into account the natural conditions of the elevation step. There were, it was observed, some notable increases in both the number of settlements and population in the regions where the opportunities provided by the physical conditions for human life and activities increased. Shape and texture of the settlements established in the areas where different geomorphological units are present in the province of Muş, also vary in terms of number and type based on the elevation. In the settlements established in different morphological units, the type of economic function and population distribution also differ. The settlement types were marked by scanning a total of 87 topography maps with 1 / 25,000 scale and five elevation steps were identified at 250 m intervals in digital environment, main landforms such as mountain, plain and plateau were distinguished and their relations with settlement types were identified. In the province of Muş two cities (Muş and Bulanık), 21 districts (Hasköy, Korkut, Malazgirt and Varto district centers and 17 small towns) 367 villages, 279 hamlets, 96 highlands, 23 mountain houses and 5 hovel settlements are located in five different elevation step. The elevation step in the province of Muş where the settlements and rural population are the densest is between 1551 and 1800 meters.
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