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Bu çalışmanın amacı, takım sporcuları ve bireysel sporlar ile uğraşan sporcuların zihinsel dayanıklılık, zihinsel beceriler ve psikolojik iyi oluş parametrelerinin incelenmesi ve değerlendirilmesidir. Çalışmaya 97’si takım sporları ve 66’sı ise bireysel sporlarla uğraşan sporcular gönüllü olarak katılmışlardır. Bununla birlikte 15-26 yaş arasında 101 kadın ve 62 erkek toplam 163 sporcu çalışmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Sporcuların zihinsel dayanıklılık düzeylerini belirlemek üzere Zihinsel Dayanıklılık Ölçeği; zihinsel becerilerini belirlemek üzere Bull Zihinsel Beceriler Ölçeği ve Psikolojik İyi Oluş ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Sporcuların sahip oldukları değerlerin karşılaştırılması amacıyla Bağımsız Örneklem T testi kullanılmıştır. Bu analiz ve testler 22.0 SPSS programı kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda zihinsel beceriler arasında zihinsel hazırlık ve kendine güven becerilerinde anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Zihinsel dayanıklılık düzeyinde kendine güven ve kontrol alt boyutlarında anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Psikolojik iyi oluş düzeylerinde ise anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Cinsiyet değişkenine göre farklılık olup olmadığı incelendiğinde ise zihinsel dayanıklılık düzeyinde kontrol alt boyutunda ve psikolojik iyi oluş düzeyinde çevre hâkimiyeti ve diğerleriyle olumlu ilişkiler boyutlarında anlamlı farklılığa ulaşılmıştır (p<0.05). Diğer alt boyutlar ve zihinsel beceriler de ise anlamlı fark görülmemiştir. Sonuç olarak, seçilen psikolojik parametrelerin takım ve bireysel sporlardaki psikolojik süreçleri geliştirmede önemli yer aldıkları ifade edilebilir.
The aim of this study is to study and evaluate the parameters of mental endurance, mental skills and psychological well-being of team athletes and individual sports. The study included 97 team sports and 66 athletes who engaged in individual sports. However, 101 women and 62 men between the ages of 15 and 26 formed the sample of the study by a total of 163 athletes. The Mental Resistance Scale has been used to determine the levels of athletes' mental resilience; the Bull Mental Skills Scale and the Psychological Goodness Scale have been used to determine their mental skills. The independent sample T test was used to compare the values the athletes have. These analyses and tests have been used by the SPSS program 22.0 . The results of the analyses found a significant difference between mental skills in mental preparation and self-confidence skills. A significant difference has been found in the low dimensions of self-confidence and control at the level of mental endurance (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in psychological well-being. When it was studied whether there were differences according to the gender variable, a significant difference was achieved in the level of control of mental resistance and in the level of psychological well-being in the dimensions of environmental domination and positive relationships with others (p<0.05). Other subdimensions and mental skills have not seen any meaningful difference. As a result, it can be expressed that selected psychological parameters play an important role in developing psychological processes in team and individual sports.
The aim of this study is to examine and evaluation of team and individual sports athletes’ mental toughness, mental skills and psychological well-being parameters. 66 individual sports member, 97 team sports member total 163 athletes voluntarily participated. Moreover, 101 female and 62 male amateur athletes between the ages of 15-26 participated in the study. To determine athletes’ mental toughness was measured with Sport Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ); for mental skills’ levels Bull’s Mental Skills Questionnaire (BMSQ) and last variable Psychological Well-Being was measured by Psychological well-being questionnaire (PWBQ). Independent Sample t test was employed to find out the intra-group differences. For those analysis and descriptive values SPSS 22.0 was used. For testing the hypotheses, the level of significance was set at 0.05. According to the obtained results, there were meaningful differences between sport types and mental skills and mental toughness skills but there were not meaningful differences between sport types and psychological well-being. Meanwhile, detail analysis between gender and psychological parameters showed that there were meaningful differences between gender and mental toughness and psychological well-being but there were not meaningful differences between gender and mental skills. Finally, it can be concluded that psychological parameters are crucial factors to develop performance within team and individual sports.
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