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Küresel iklim değişikliğinin önlenmesi amacıyla yapılan çalışmalar ve geliştirilen politikalar enerji üretiminde, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanımını hızla artırmaktadır. Yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından üretilen elektrik enerjisinin şebekeye bağlantısı, güvenlik, güç kalitesi ve yönetim açısından önem arz etmektedir. Azalan kurulum maliyetleri güneş enerjisinden elektrik üreten sistemlerin kullanımını yaygınlaştırmıştır. Şebeke bağlantılı güneş enerji santrallerinin şebekeye bağlantılarında en önemli sorunlardan birisi de sistemden kaynaklanan harmoniklerdir. Şebeke bağlantısında kullanılan eviriciler harmonik üretimine neden olmaktadır. Oluşan harmonikler şebekenin güç kalitesi üzerinde olumsuz etkiler yaratmaktadır. Bu çalışmada şebekeye bağlı güneş enerjisi santrallerinin oluşturduğu harmonik etkiler araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla öncelikle fotovoltaik güneş enerji santrali MATLAB/Simulink’de modellenmiş ve benzetimi yapılarak harmonik etkiler elde edilmiştir. Yapılan benzetim gerçek bir güneş santralinden alınan harmonik verileriyle karşılaştırılmıştır. Kabul edilebilir bir hata oranı ile doğruluğu ispatlanan model yardımıyla harmoniklere etki eden parametreler araştırılmıştır. Güneş santrallerinde oluşan harmonikler üzerinde ışımanın ve sıcaklığın etkisi incelenmiştir. Birinci incelemede sıcaklık sabit iken ışımanın değişimin harmonik üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. İkinci inceleme de ise ışıma sabit iken sıcaklık değişimin harmonikler üzerindeki etkisine bakılmıştır. Sistemde kullanılan filtrenin harmonikler üzerindeki etkisi de incelenmiştir. Bunun yanında, harmoniklerin azaltılması için öneriler de bulunulmuştur.
Studies and developing policies to prevent global climate change are rapidly increasing the use of renewable energy in energy production. The connection of electricity produced from renewable energy sources to the network is of importance in terms of safety, power quality and management. Reduced installation costs have spread the use of systems that produce electricity from solar energy. One of the most important problems in the network connection of network-connected solar power plants is the system-resurred harmonics. The converters used in the network connection lead to harmonic production. The formed harmonics have a negative impact on the power quality of the network. This study has studied the harmonic effects of the solar power plants connected to the network. For this purpose, first and foremost, the photovoltaic solar power plant MATLAB/Simulink has been modeled and compared with harmonic effects. The comparison is compared to the harmonic data obtained from a real solar plant. Parameters affecting the harmonics with the help of a model that has proven accuracy with an acceptable error ratio have been studied. The effects of radiation and temperature on the harmonics formed in solar power plants have been studied. In the first study, the temperature is fixed while the effect of the change of light on the harmonic is studied. The second study also looked at the effect of the temperature change on the harmonics while the light is fixed. The effect of the filter used in the system on the harmonics has also been studied. In addition, there are recommendations for the reduction of the harmonics.
Our standards of living depend on energy, and the increasing demand for clean and cheap one made the renewable energy preferred. There are many kinds of renewable energy. However, the most important one is the solar energy that can be divided into two sections: the first one is the solar thermal that is used for heating, and the second one is the photovoltaic that is used for electrical generation. For electrical generation, we can use a system that consists of photovoltaic, batteries, inverters, etc. In this system we can connect the photovoltaic to the grid by inverters that cause harmful harmonics and thus reducing the quality of electrical generation. “Harmonics Effects of Grid Connected Solar Power Plant” takes more and more importance. Studies and policies developed in energy production have accelerated the use of renewable energy sources, in order to reduce climate change, the issue of safety, energy quality and the connected way in which electricity power generated from renewable energy sources takes great importance. The use of solar energy centers has spread, because of its cost has been reduced, when connecting solar centers with the grid, the most important problems that we can face are the harmonics caused by the system. Inverter is the main reason for generating harmonics, which has negatively affected on energy quality. In this paper we have studied the effects of harmonics when connecting a solar power center with the grid. To achieve this study, a solar power center has been simulated by MATLAB / Simulink environment. Harmonic effect was obtained. The results that obtained has been compared with real data taken from the solar power center its capacity 1 MW. Simulation results has been proved its validity through an acceptable error rate, Accordingly the factors affecting the harmonics were studied. The effect of both radiation and temperature on harmonics have been studied. First, study has done when the temperature was constant, we have studied the effect of radiation change on harmonics. Second, study has done when the radiation was constant, we have studied the effect of temperature change on harmonics. After that effect of the filters on harmonics are determined. Finally, suggestions were made to reduce the impact of harmonics.
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