Özet:

Toxic analysis is performed to identify toxic and illegal substances, to evaluate the diagnosis, tracking and treatment of the diseases associated with them. As a sample type, urine, serum, plasma, blood, hair, sputum, sweat, nails, stomach aspirate and any kind of solid or liquid that is found in a foreign substance are used. While scanning methods in these analyses are fast, cheap, high sensitivity and low specificity, verification methods are slow, expensive, high sensitivity and specificity. Scanning methods are mainly immunoassays and chromatographic techniques and are used to distinguish negative samples from positive samples, while verification methods are used to verify positive results in scanning tests. The gold standard verification method is the mass spectrometer. Cross-reactions may be seen because the immunoassays are not unique. While high pressure liquid chromatography is suitable for polar and non-flying samples, gas chromatography is suitable for flying samples. The mass spectrometry method of gas chromatography is more sensitive than the immunoassay and high pressure fluid chromatography technique, while the sampling time is longer. Because for separation, substances and metabolites are often converted into less polar and more fluid derivatives. The specificity and sensitivity of the fluid chromatography sequential mass spectrometry technique is high, but the analysis is complex, it requires experienced staff and the cost is high. There is no single analytical technique that may be sufficient for toxic analysis. It is recommended to combine several techniques.

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