Özet:

In this article, we will discuss how Plato shaped his ontology within the framework of dialectic logic that moves from an inherent understanding. Plato’s this dualist concept, which founded his Ontology on two categories of beings strictly separated from each other, is not independent of the chronological discussions about his dialogues. Some chronologies about dialogues are based on the claim that Platon accepted Transendental entities, while some are based on the claim that he gave up the Transendental entity thought based on the Parmenides dialogue. In addition, among the ancient philosophers, which are based on the Transendental self-thought, there is a debate about whether the Platonic culture is a thematic union or a thematic development. According to the "United" Platon, in his dialogues, each dialogue offers us a single, consistent, synoptic philosophical system that gives us a partial or proleptic perspective. (Rickless, 2006: 1 ) According to the "developers", the same dialogues will appear to show a thematic development of the Transendental self-thought when they are arranged in a order according to the possible order they are written. Our article, based on the chronology that accepts Transendental essences, discusses how the existence-self differentiation, which has been covered in the Menon dialogue, has turned into an open breakthrough in the State dialogue, and especially in the Phaidon dialogue, into a sharp body-spirit duality; on the other hand, how Platon is trying to overcome the "relationship" problem that arises as a result of this sharp differentiation with the idea of "sharing". A Study on Ontological Bifurcation that Develops in Plato's Dialogues Abstract This article deals with how Plato shaped his ontology within the framework of dialectical logic, which relies on an essentialist understanding. This dualist conception of Plato, who establishes his ontology on two distinctly separated categories of being, is not independent of the chronological debates about his dialogues. Some chronologies about the dialogues are based on the claim that he acknowledges the existence of Transcendental essences, while others, relying on his Parmenides dialogue, assert that he has renounced the idea of Transcendental essence. There is also a controversy among the scholars of ancient philosophy who draw on the idea of Transcendental essence, as to whether the Platonic corpus displays a thematic union or thematic development. According to "Unionists", each of the dialogues of Plato offers a single, consistent, synoptic philosophical system that gives us a partial or proleptic perspective (Rickless, 2006:1). According to the "developmentalists", when the same dialogues are arranged according to the order in which they have been written, one will observe that the idea of transcendental essence displays a thematic development. This article, which draws on the chronology that acknowledges the existence of Transcendental essences, deals with how the distinction between existence and essence, which has been implicitly expressed in the Menon dialogue, has evolved into a clear bifurcation in the dialogue of State and especially how it has turned into a sharp body-soul dualism in the dialogue of Phaidon; on the other hand, it also discusses how Plato tries to overcome the problem of "relation" that arises as a result of this sharp distinction, by means of the idea of "partaking". Keywords: ontology, idea, appearance, essence, existence, partaking, anamnesis

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